Прямая и косвенная речь в английском языке. Direct and Indirect Speech.
Любое высказывание может быть передано таким образом, как оно было произнесено (прямая речь), либо описано с помощью сложносочинённого предложения (косвенная речь). Сравните:
Прямая речь
- ( What does he say? ) - He says: "We'll have take a taxi". - ( Что он говорит? ) - Он говорит: "Нам придется взять такси".
Косвенная речь
- He said ( that ) they would have to take a taxi. - Он сказал, что им придётся взять такси.
При изменении прямой речи в косвенную соблюдаются следующие правила:
Запятая и кавычки опускаются.
Все личные и притяжательные местоимения изменяются в зависимости от лица, от которого ведется речь. (1л. 3л., 2л. 1,3л.)
Возможен союз "that".
а) В утвердительном предложении глагол в повелительном наклонении заменяется инфинитивом.
б) В отрицательном предложении 1 форма глагола изменяется на "not" + инфинитив.
В вопросах соблюдается прямой порядок слов.
Общие вопросы вводятся словами "if, whether".
Специальные вопросы вводятся специальными вопросительными словами.
Если есть дополнение, то say - tell, says to Olga - tells Olga, said to Boris - told Boris.
Если в прямой речи глагол главного предложения стоит в прошедшем времени, то при преобразовании прямой речи в косвенную время глагола придаточного предложения меняется в соответствии с правилами последовательности употребления времён. Именно в этом основное различие между русским и английским языками в употреблении косвенной речи.
Таким образом:
- Вместо настоящего употребляется прошедшее время (Past Indefinite / Continuous) - Вместо прошедшего употребляется прош. свершённое время (Past Perfect) - Вместо будущего употребляется would + инфинитив ("будущее в прошедшем")
Пожалуйста, не пишите бессмысленные комментарии вида "Спасибо, всё отлично", "Очень полезная информация", "мне помогло", "не очень" и т.п.
А так же комментарии только со смайликами без текста.
Такие комментарии будут удаляться без предупреждения, т.к. они не несут никакого смысла и затрудняют общение. Также удаляются комментарии не по-теме, с рекламой, со ссылками на сайты,
которые нарушают авторские права и т.п.
Если вам понравилась статья, то лучше будет если вы добавите ссылку на неё в твиттер или другой социальный сервис.
Внимание! Если Вы заметили в тексте какие-либо ошибки или неточности, сообщите об этом в комментариях. Будем очень признательны!
Помогите перевести из прямой речи в косвенную!! You asked me why I like reading books,did't you? I should say books have been my best friends for many years.You know,I'm the only child n my tamily.My parents were always busy with their work and I used to spend a lot of time playing with my toys.But from time to time,especially on holidays,they nsed to present me with wonberful new books:fairy fales,fantasy books,science fiction.Some of them were written ages ago.But I enjoyed them very much.And they are still interesting for people of my generation.That's why I believe books are the most ancient media. Пожалуйста помогите!!!!!!
Ответ: You asked me why I like reading books. I said that books had been my best friends for many years. The thing was that I was the only child in my tamily and my parents had always been busy with their work and I had used to spend a lot of time playing with my toys. But from time to time,especially on holidays,they had used to present me with wonberful new books:fairy fales,fantasy books,science fiction.Some of them had been written ages ago.But I had enjoyed them very much.And they were still interesting for people of my generation.That's why I believed books are the most ancient media. Пожалуйста, помогаем
ПОЖАЛУЙСТА ПОМОГИТЕ ПЕРЕВЕСТИ ИЗ ПРЯМОЙ РЕЧИ В КОСВЕННУЮ!!!! 1)ALEXE ASKED ME,"HAVE YOU EVER BEEN TO THE NATIONAL GALLERY?" "YES,I HAVE," I SAID."I VISTED IT LAST YEAR WHEN WE WERE STAYING IN LONDON." 2)HE SAID, "WHO IS THIS MAN? I DON'T KNOW HIM." 3)I THOUGHT, "HE IS VERY CLEVER MAN: HE CAN HELP ME." ПОЖАЛУЙСТА ПОМОГИТЕ УМОЛЛЯЮ ВАС!!!!! :pray: :pray:
Ответ: 1)ALEXE ASKED ME IF I EVER HAVE BEEN TO THE NATIONAL GALLERY. I SAID THAT I HAD VISTED IT THE PREVIOUS YEAR WHEN WE HAD BEEN STAYING IN LONDON. 2)HE ASKED WHO WAS THAS MAN AS HE DIDN'T KNOW HIM. 3)I THOUGHT THAT HE WAS A VERY CLEVER MAN AND COULD HELP ME.
What is the nickname of the State of Maine? How do people call New Hampshire? Why was South Carolina nicknamed the Palmetto State? Why was Virginia called the Mother of Statesmen?
Why does Virginia have so many nicknames? Why was Florida called the Land of Flowers? What state is called the Green Mountain State? Because of what mountains was West Virginia called the Mountain State?
а как тут сделать это????? косвенную речь чуток подзабыл, а на курсах задали это упражнение!
1: We had a grammar class yesterday. We discussed the use of articles in English. 2:They are the shortest yet the most difficult words in English. 1:I dont think all English people understand how they should use articles. 2:In many cases they are complete mystery.Do you think one can realize the difference between the articles?It is possible to learn how to use them? 1:Our teacher says it is. We should simply have more grammar drills. 2: Will they really help? And then they are so boring! 1:Dont loose hope. Lets hope for the best.
1. The people asked:"Why is he so happy?" - The people asked him why he was so happy. 2. They asked Roma:"What is the reason of being so happy?Have not you lost your donkey?" - They asked Roma what the reason was of having been so happy and if he had lost his your donkey. 3. Roma told them:"I am happy becauce I was not ridung the donkey when it got lost.If I had been,I did be lost now,too!" - Roma told them that he was happy becauce he hadn't been ridung the donkey when it had got lost. If he had been, he would have been lost then too!
Помогите пожалуйста перевести в косвенную речь: Mary Tim? This is Mary. I hope I haven’t woken you up. Tim Actually I got up ten minutes ago, but it’s only a quarter to nine. Why are you. calling me so early on a Sunday morning? Mary Because the sun’s shining and there isn’t a cloud in the sky, and Alan and I are going for a picnic. Do you want to come? Tim It’s true we haven’t seen the sun lately, but I expect it’ll rain again soon. Mary No,it won’t. Tim Well Pve got some work to do, but I suppose I could put it off till tomorrow. Where are you thinking of going? Mary Well, there’s lovely spot by the river on the road to Tiverton. There’s a big bend in the road just before you get to Stoke. You leave your car and walk across a field to the left. There are some tall elm trees by the river, and that’s where we'll be. It’s very easy to find the place. Tim Yes. I think I know where you mean. [Il come, and I might even go for a swim. Are you taking any food or drink? It’s a pity you didn’t mention it yesterday; I don’t think there’s any beer in the house. Mary Don’t worry. We’ve got some bottles of beer and lemonade and there’s half a chicken in the fridge. Tim Right then. See you there in about an hour.
Помогите пожалуйста перевести в косвенную речь: 1. The people asked:"Why is he so happy?" 2. They asked Roma:"What is the reason of being so happy?Have not you lost your donkey?" 3. Roma told them:"I am happy becauce I was not ridung the donkey when it got lost.If I had been,I did be lost now,too!"
:pray: 